Borja Perez-Viana
ID:
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Go for It while You Can: On Time Discounting in High-Risk Environments
REFNo: SS448ES
The poor populations of developing countries are extremely exposed to the vagaries of chance, with agricultural output and livelihoods dependent on highly variable weather patterns. Against this background, it is important to better understand how people in developing countries make decisions involving risk and time trade-offs. Our understanding of these decisions is still hampered by a number of issues. For one, decisions under risk and over time have long been treated separately, whereas in reality, they are closely linked. Investigations in developing countries have often focused on exceedingly simple preference measures that are presented in a theoretical vacuum. Likewise, the identification of causal determinants of preferences remains elusive. We propose to overcome these limitations by combining the modelling of preferences and their determinants with bespoke tools to measure preferences and beliefs. We further propose to combine the model-driven measurements with randomised controlled trials (RCTs) varying theoretically identified determinants of preferences to enable us to draw clear causal inferences. Combining such RCTs with a longitudinal design will further allow us to investigate interactions between the randomly allocated interventions and naturally occurring uncertainty. The study will be carried out in collaboration with the Field Lab, a non-for-profit research organisation, based in Mbale.
We divide our proposal into five work packages:
1. Modelling and measuring future uncertainty: The future is inherently uncertain. It is even more so in developing countries. This uncertainty may indeed drive both high levels of risk taking in the present and extreme time discounting. In this first work package, we aim to model this issue explicitly, and to measure the underlying quantities, with particular attention to future uncertainty.
2. Future probabilities are ambiguous: This work package extends the insights obtained in the first work package to explicitly take the uncertainty surrounding future probability estimates into account. The modelling and experimental measurements are further complemented by a randomised variation of the institution delivering the future payouts.
3. Gain, loss, and mixed inter-temporal prospects: In work package three, we propose to extend the theoretical and measurement apparatus deployed in the first two work packages to a full inter-temporal prospect theory model. This is important to model real decisions, which often involve trading off immediate expenditures against uncertain future outcomes.
4. Background risk and behaviour: Starting from a model of the influence of background risk on decisions under risk and over time, we aim to provide crop insurance to randomly selected subsistence farmers in order to shelter them from background risk. This ought to allow us to draw causal inferences on the effect of background risk on preferences and behaviour.
5. Training, aspirations, and locus of control: Taking risks and investing into the future may be mediated by psychological mechanisms such as aspiration levels or locus of control (beliefs on whether one can control one’s destiny). We aim to augment an existing training intervention by motivational elements aimed directly at shifting these psychological mechanisms, to try and nudge preferences and behaviour in desirable directions.
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Spain |
2021-03-31 |
2024-03-31 |
Social Science and Humanities |
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Non-degree Award |
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Susan Nabadda Ndidde
ID: UNCST-2020-R014331
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Surveillance and Epidemiology of Antimicrobial Resistance Programme (Pilot)
REFNo: HS1268ES
Primary
To evaluate AMR incidence through the establishment of a surveillance platform in LMICs based on Pfizer’s Antimicrobial Leadership Testing and Surveillance (ATLAS) core methodology, while facilitating the expansion of surveillance capacity in participating countries.
Secondary.
To strengthen the quality of identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of major bacterial pathogens by the participating laboratories through retesting at a central reference laboratory;
ï‚· To estimate and track the prevalence of resistance phenotypes of major public health importance notably extended spectrum cephalosporin resistance, Carbapenem resistance and MRSA;
ï‚· To generate WGS data that shall be used for epidemiological typing and determining mechanisms of resistance of major resistance phenotypes in participating countries.
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Uganda |
2021-03-31 |
2024-03-31 |
Medical and Health Sciences |
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Non-degree Award |
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Nazarius Tumwesigye Mbona
ID: UNCST-2019-R000664
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A Midline Evaluation for a 5 Year Family Planning Implementation Program: The RISE Project in Uganda
REFNo: HS1296ES
1. Describe the socio-demographic characteristics of men and women of reproductive age living in the seven RISE regions at midway of implementation of RISE programme
2. Assess the program progress from baseline to midline on each of the following program intervention areas
a. men and women’s knowledge of FP services and methods in the project areas
b. men and women’s attitudes towards FP in the project areas
c. FP practices amongst men and women of reproductive age in the project areas
d. the intention to use FP services in future among men and women of reproductive age in the project areas
e. Ability and willingness to pay for FP services among men and women of reproductive age group in the project areas
f. level of exposure to SBCC messages on FP amongst men and women of reproductive age in the project areas
g. status of FP user segments for both men and women of reproductive age in the project areas in terms of Knowledge, attitude, practices, intent to use, exposure
3. Assess the effect of COVID-19 on access of family planning services among men and women of reproductive age living in the seven RISE regions at midway of implementation of RISE programme
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Uganda |
2021-03-31 |
2024-03-31 |
Medical and Health Sciences |
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Non-degree Award |
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Moses Ocan
ID:
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Predictors of local emergence and spread of Artemisinin resistance among Ugandan Plasmodium falciparum parasites
REFNo: HS1169ES
(i) To assess the extent of adherence to national malaria treatment guidelines/policy in malaria treatment in private hospitals, private pharmacies and public hospitals in low and high malaria transmission settings in Uganda
(ii) To determine the prevalence of Pfkelch13 gene mutations among P. falciparum parasites in low and high malaria transmission settings in Uganda
(iii) To determine the prevalence of fd (ferredoxin), arps10 (apicomplast ribosomal protein S10) , mdr-2 (multi-drug resistance protein -2) and crt (chloroquine resistance protein) mutations among Plasmodium falciparum parasites in low and high malaria transmission settings in Uganda
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Uganda |
2021-03-26 |
2024-03-26 |
Medical and Health Sciences |
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Non-degree Award |
.JPG)
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Pakoyo Kamba Fadhiru
ID:
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Scaling up the Refugees and Host Community’s response towards COVID-19 in Northern Uganda
REFNo: SS755ES
1. To assess the refugee and host communities’ compliance with COVID-19 infection prevention and control measures such as social distancing, hand washing, hand sanitization, use of personal protective equipment, quarantine and notification of cross-border travellers and suspect cases to authorities.
2. To identify community-led initiatives towards COVID-19 infection prevention and control.
3. To build the capacity of refugee settlement and community leaders in COVID-19 infection prevention and control.
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Uganda |
2021-03-26 |
2024-03-26 |
Social Science and Humanities |
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Non-degree Award |
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