David Meya Bisagaya
ID: UNCST-2019-R000837
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Operational Research for Cryptococcal Antigen Screening (ORCAS) of HIV Patients: Evaluation of clinical and immunological predictors of outcomes.
REFNo: HS214ES
To identify incidence and risk factors for meningitis or death in asymptomatic CrAg+ persons before 6-months.
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Uganda |
2018-07-26 |
2021-07-26 |
Medical and Health Sciences |
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Non-degree Award |
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Josephine Kayaga Nsubuga-Mugoa Kayaga
ID:
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Successful Strategies for Using Knowledge Management in Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)
REFNo: SS228ES
The purpose of the research study is to explore strategies that some SMEs managers use to effectively integrate Knowledge Management (KM) into their business practices; with the objective that the research study will enable me to make a contribution to positive social change as the findings from this study may be helpful in expanding opportunities for employees to learn new skills and knowledge. Another contribution to positive social change may be the expansion of employment opportunities because, as SMEs integrate KM into their business practices, SMEs may become more successful, leading to the expansion of employment opportunities.
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Uganda |
2018-07-26 |
2021-07-26 |
Social Science and Humanities |
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Degree Award |
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Julia Dickson-Gomez
ID: UNCST-2019-R000775
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The Social Context of Substance Use and HIV Risk in Kampala City, Uganda
REFNo: SS227ES
To conduct formative research to assess drug use in individuals living in Kampala and the associated contextual factors (drug use sites, sexual and drug networks) that may contribute to HIV injection and sexual risk behaviors.
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USA |
2018-07-26 |
2021-07-26 |
Social Science and Humanities |
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Non-degree Award |
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Nando Lewis
ID:
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Why do people flee their homes for UNHCR refugee assistance in Eastern Africa?
REFNo: SS212ES
This project aims to better understand South Sudanese refugee decision making before leaving their homes and in selecting their destination. I aim to go beyond the conflict causes displacement explanation, to investigate what levels of conflict and how other factors such as food insecurity influence the decision to flee ones home. I am also interested in better understanding why some South Sudanese travel to Uganda, whilst others travel to Kenya.
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UK |
2018-07-24 |
2021-07-24 |
Social Science and Humanities |
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Degree Award |
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Krista Milich
ID:
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Conservation to Coexist: Participatory Action Research for Wildlife Conservation and Community Development
REFNo: NS2ES
The goal of this project is to improve the conservation of wildlife in Kibale National Park and support capacity building of local people through a community conservation project. This project is focused on reducing human-wildlife conflict by using land use changes to prevent crop raiding by wild animals. Ultimately, by removing this conflict, the relationship between the local people and the park will improve and will support the conservation of endangered species.
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USA |
2018-07-17 |
2021-07-17 |
Natural Sciences |
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Non-degree Award |
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Jeremy Springman
ID:
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Public Opinion on Service Delivery and NGOs in Uganda
REFNo: SS170ES
Despite staggering growth in the delivery of public services by NGOs, little is known about how this shapes levels of citizen political engagement, confidence in government, and political accountability. This study will use a public opinion survey to measure whether receiving health services from an NGO causes an increase in levels of citizen engagement and confidence in government. To estimate whether receiving NGO-provided services influences the political attitudes of citizens who benefit from them, we will sample individuals in communities that have received NGO services and communities that have not.
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USA |
2018-07-17 |
2021-07-17 |
Social Science and Humanities |
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Non-degree Award |
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Helena Newell
ID:
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Natural Capital Accounting of the NWSC Katosi Water treatment Project, Mukono District
REFNo: NS51ES
Our objectives are to:
1. Develop and apply a framework for assessing and quantifying natural capital stocks and the ecosystem service provision before (the baseline) and on completion of a development project, with regard to the project’s impact on biodiversity.
2. Where possible and appropriate, value ecosystem service provision in monetary terms i.e. flows of benefits from Natural Capital stocks.
3. Understand how impacts and dependencies on the project’s Natural Capital vary between different stakeholder groups at local, regional and international levels
4. Make recommendations on measures to minimise losses of biodiversity and ecosystem services, and on measures for the project to achieve ‘no net loss’
5. Compare these findings to those of an ESIA in order to see how NC approaches enhance and supplement ESIA approaches, and explore the uncertainties and limitations of the NC approach, particularly with respect to data limitations and methods for valuation, in order to make recommendations for future projects
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UK |
2018-07-17 |
2021-07-17 |
Natural Sciences |
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Degree Award |
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Krista Milich
ID:
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Red Colobus Monkey Reproduction and Conservation
REFNo: NS55ES
Long-term studies of wild primate populations are important for understanding how species adjust to environmental pressures and for examining models of our evolutionary past. My project uses the endangered red colobus monkey (Procolobus rufomitratus) of Kibale National Park, Uganda, as a model to understand how ecological stressors impact reproductive function, sexual behaviors, feeding ecology, and survival. Recent increases in hunting pressure and disease outbreaks have changed the selective pressures facing the Kanyawara red colobus monkeys. My previous work with these monkeys documented differences in behaviors and physiology for red colobus living in different habitats. Conducting further research on these animals will help to answer important questions about both endangered species and evolutionary processes. I request permission to study the behavioral and physiological responses of red colobus monkeys to ecological pressures. Specifically, I aim to: 1) re-evaluate the variation in reproductive and adrenal hormones of individuals living in different habitats, 2) examine behavioral variation over time of individuals in response to pressures from both hunting and disease outbreaks, and 3) monitor demographic changes and the health of this population. Long-term comparisons of the behavior and physiology of these individuals will provide data on the ability for primates to adjust to environmental changes.
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USA |
2018-07-17 |
2021-07-17 |
Natural Sciences |
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Non-degree Award |
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Moses Nyago
ID:
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Analyzing the Ugandan private sector and stakeholders’ views for voluntary support of REDD+ related activities through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
REFNo: NS44ES
This study specifically: 1) Examines Uganda’s private sector firms’ CSR investments/support outside their core businesses and their influence on CSR support for REDD+ and related activities; and 2) Analyzes REDD+ stakeholder views on barriers of private sector firms to support/invest in REDD+ related activities through CSR and opportunities to diminish them in Uganda. The key research questions are:
a) What do private sector firms in Uganda commonly support/invest in outside their core businesses under CSR?
b) What is the influence of pooled voluntary CSR support, outside firms’ core business on the likelihood of CSR support for REDD+ related initiatives?
c) How does private sector firm type and economic activity sector mediate in the relationship between CSR investments/support outside firms’ core business activities and CSR support/investment in REDD+ related initiatives?
d) What are the barriers to REDD+ related support/investments under CSR in Uganda?
e) What are the available opportunities to diminish the barriers for enhancement of CSR support to REDD+ related initiatives in Uganda?
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Uganda |
2018-07-13 |
2021-07-13 |
Natural Sciences |
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Degree Award |
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Catherine Hobaiter
ID: UNCST-2019-R001480
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Social structure and territory use in the chimpanzees of the Budongo Forest Reserve, Uganda
REFNo: NS56ES
East African chimpanzee society is characterised by a fission-fusion structure. The traditional view holds that all of the males within a chimpanzee community will range together and form close social bonds, whilst the females disperse, with less affiliation among non-kin (Wrangham, 1979; Goodall, 1968; Gibly and Wrangham, 2008). Much recent work focuses on understanding the nuances of, and variation within, chimpanzee social structure (see Aureli et al., 2008). We plan to investigate how population constraints, sex ratios, and territorial ranging interact with the chimpanzee communities’ social structures in the Budongo Forest. In particular we will explore how population characteristics and instability in the social structure might influence ranging decisions and social grouping over time.
In the Budongo forest there are two habituated communities of chimpanzees: Waibira with around 120 individuals, in which habituation started in 2011, and Sonso with around 65 individuals, in which habituation started in 1990. These two neighbouring groups present a unique opportunity to explore the impact of social and environmental factors on chimpanzee territorial behaviour.
Within the chimpanzee fission-fusion social system, members of a larger group form numerous subgroups that merge and split in response to social and ecological factors like food availability, predation pressure, and the presence of receptive females. While communities typically consist of 50-70 individuals with around 10-15 adult males, abnormally large communities exist in Ngogo (over 200 individuals) and Waibira (estimated 120 individuals), where over 30 adult males have been recorded. However, little is known about differences in social structure and associated consequences in these communities. One study has indicated clear subgrouping in the males of Ngogo, who range in two distinct ‘neighbourhoods’ rather than as a single unit (Mitani & Amsler, 2003). The result begs the question of whether this social structure is related to the unusual demographic size or is a consequence of other factors in Ngogo. Is there similar evidence of subgrouping amongst male chimpanzees in Waibira? If so, this may be an indication of the need to manage male-male social interactions when part of an abnormally large community. Indeed, Lehmann and Boesch (2004) reported that subgrouping patterns in chimpanzees of the Taï National Park in Côte d’Ivoire were dependent on total community size and number of males, with smaller communities exhibiting higher cohesiveness and a reduction in fluidity of the fission-fusion system.
In addition to the number of individual males influencing subgrouping within a community, the presence of individual differences may also impact the male social structure. For example alpha male chimpanzees are known to exhibit different dominance styles that may be more cooperative or agonistic during their tenure as alpha (Foster et al., 2009). Furthermore, the fate of usurped males after they lose their alphaship may be related to their dominance style (Uehara et al., 2004). Changes in the rank of individual male chimpanzees may also impact the social behaviour of their relatives. While other male chimpanzees, even when closely related, represent possible competitors, female relatives such as mothers, or sisters who remain resident in their natal community, may adjust their social behaviour depending on the rank of their sons and brothers.
One external environmental factor that may influence male chimpanzee subgrouping is the presence of human researchers. As we have long-term data available for the Waibira community we can compare the variation in territory use and in male subgrouping over the course of habituation, allowing us to explore the impact of habituation on chimpanzee behaviour.
In addition to variation in the number and personality of males within a community, the use of territory and male sub-grouping may be impacted by the behaviour of neighboring communities. Chimpanzee intercommunity disputes are agonistic, and may include lethal aggression, particularly where a single male or small party encounters a larger number of males from the other community. As such they represent a significant pressure on chimpanzee use of territory.
The number of males in a chimpanzee community influences how large the territory is, and when food availability is stable and abundant, it is thought that more energy is directed at territory utilisation and defense (Herbinger et al., 2001). Previous work from Kibale has also shown that on a given day, higher numbers of males in a party of chimpanzees will increase their tendency to patrol borders (Mitani and Watts, 2005). As periods of social uncertainty surrounding alpha changes can affect associative patterns and grooming behaviour, especially between males (see Koyama et al., 2017), it raises the question of how social instability impacts male territory usage. We will explore the almost 30-year data set of the Sonso chimpanzees in order to test whether or not the number of independent males, and/or the presence of individual males, impacts the size of the communities’ territory and their use of the areas within it. We will also investigate peripheral territory ranging in relation to alpha male transitions.
Understanding the social grouping and ranging patterns over time will shed light on the function and motivation of chimpanzee territoriality. Understanding the ways that population characteristics, social relationships, and territory usage interact has implications for both ecological theory and for conservation management.
Research Questions
1. Male subgrouping within communities (lead researcher Ms Bodden)
◠Is there evidence of subgrouping or ‘neighbourhoods’ among male chimpanzees in the Waibira community? If so, how does this structure affect cohesion and stability?
â— How does the Waibira community structure compare to that of the males in Sonso and how have subgroups changed over time?
â— What effect have alpha male transitions had on subgrouping structure in the Waibira males?
2. Male use of territory in the Sonso community (lead researcher Ms Shearer)
â— How does the number of independent males, and the leadership of individual alpha males influence the size and use of the Sonso territory?
◠What social factors predict Sonso chimpanzees’ peripheral territory usage across seasons? We will explore the number of independent males, the identity of the alpha male, and the proximity to alpha male transitions.
3. Female association and subgrouping patterns (lead researcher Mr Chapoy)
â— Do females who migrate from the same community preferentially associate with each other? We will explore the behaviour of the four confirmed immigrants from the Sonso community to the Waibira community.
â— Do female relatives of independent males vary their use of the territory with variation in their male relatives ranks? We will explore the physical and social centrality of females who are closely related to males who move into or out of the top three rank positions.
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UK |
2018-07-13 |
2021-07-13 |
Natural Sciences |
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Non-degree Award |
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