Fabien Schultz
ID: UNCST-2023-R008622
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Self-medication in wild chimpanzees and mountain gorillas
REFNo: NS104ES
Observation of novel medicinal plants used for self-medication by wild chimpanzees and mountain gorillas:
The fieldwork at the field stations in Bulindi, Kibale Forest National Park, Budongo Forest Reserve, and Bwindi Impenetrable National Park will result in the documentation of potentially novel medicinal plant species used by great apes in Uganda, which will be reported in our publications.
Comparison between self-medication behavior in chimpanzees at different locations:
The study will generate a comparison between plants and self-medication techniques used by Bulindi chimpanzees (a highly disturbed habitat shared with humans) and Kibale/Budongo chimpanzees (less disturbed habitats).
Impact on modern medicine:
Through this study, we seek to integrate behavioral data with novel pharmacological screenings of plants. Without doubt, the evolution of self-medicative habits from the great apes to early hominids and modern humans has important implications for modern medicine. This project would significantly advance previous research on zoopharmacognosy (or “ape-pharmacognosy”).
Discovery of new plant and insect species and first-time pharmacological investigation of medicinal natural remedies:
I estimate that around 60% of all plant and insect species in the dense rainforests of Western Uganda and Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo remain undiscovered. As such, this project could result in the discovery of novel species, but most likely in the documentation and evaluation of novel medicinal uses in known plants. The majority of plant species used in self-medication by wild chimpanzees and mountain gorillas in the tropical rainforests of Uganda have never been screened for pharmacological activity in a lab or investigated with regard to their chemical composition.
Conservation of biodiversity:
Wild mountain gorillas are classified as Critically Endangered and chimpanzees as Endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Both great apes are highly threatened by human encroachment, forest degradation, regional political instability and disease. Through our workshop within local communities, we aim to raise awareness of the importance of protecting these creatures as well as local medicinal plants.
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Germany |
2019-09-19 |
2022-09-19 |
Natural Sciences |
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Non-degree Award |
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Christine Wiltshire Sekaggya
ID: UNCST-2019-R000578
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The utility of urine Lipoarabinomannan as a Tuberculosis treatment monitoring tool.
REFNo: HS432ES
To describe the temporal changes of urine LAM during the first 2 months TB treatment of TB-HIV co-infected patients.
To determine the correlation between urine LAM and microbiological response measured by sputum culture among TB-HIV co-infected patients receiving anti-TB treatment.
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Uganda |
2019-09-10 |
2022-09-10 |
Medical and Health Sciences |
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Non-degree Award |
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Richard Muwanika
ID:
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DEFINING DIAGNOSTIC PERFORMANCE, ANALYTICAL AND OPERATIONAL SUITABILITY FOR POINT OF CARE DEVICES FOR HEMOGLOBIN ESTIMATION DEVICES IN ROUTINE HIV AND MATERNITY CARE IN UGANDA
REFNo: HS437ES
1) To evaluate the analytical performance (accuracy and precision/repeatability) of the available non-investigational Hb POC devices in use in Uganda
2) To evaluate the diagnostic performance (sensitivity, specificity, Positive and Negative Predictive values) of the available Hb POC devices in Uganda
3) To evaluate the operational suitability of the available Hb POC devices in Uganda using a standardized scorecard
4) To determine the operational cost and cost-effectiveness of the available Hb POC devices in Uganda
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Uganda |
2019-09-10 |
2022-09-10 |
Medical and Health Sciences |
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Non-degree Award |
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Dunstan Kalanzi
ID:
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EXPLORING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PERIODONTAL DISEASE AND THE RISK OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND RELATED DEMENTIAS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
REFNo: HS438ES
To determine the periodontal health status of a community-based cohort of elderly persons and factors associated with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias in Uganda
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Uganda |
2019-09-10 |
2022-09-10 |
Medical and Health Sciences |
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Non-degree Award |
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EDITH NAKKU-JOLOBA NAKKU
ID: UNCST-2021-R013931
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Performance of a novel, rapid Neisseria gonorrhoeae genotypic and phenotypic test and estimation of prevalence of 4 STI in a gonococcal surveillance program in Uganda
REFNo: HS455ES
Primary:
• To determine the accuracy (correlation, sensitivity, specificity) of a new mobile, dual purpose gonorrhea point-of-care (POC) STI test device [the Mobile NAAT (MobiNAAT)] against reference laboratory methods for diagnosis (Gram stain and/or culture).
Secondary:
• To determine agreement between self-collected meatal swabs and urine samples for the diagnosis of STI using a gold standard NAATs in Ugandan men (a population with high NG positivity).
• To assess acceptability of self-collected tests in men with UDS in Uganda.
• To validate MobiNAAT for gonorrhoea ciprofloxacin AMR in symptomatic men compared with gold standard (culture & disk diffusion).
• To estimate the prevalence of the following 4 STIs in a population of men with UDS: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoea (NG), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) using NAATs.
• To compare sensitivity and specificity of GC NAAT with microscopy and culture in Ugandan samples.
• To assess the prevalence of HIV, syphilis and viral hepatitis, and compare HIV result to self-reported HIV status.
• To explore socio-demographic, behavioural and clinical factors associated with positive STI diagnosis (including NG NAAT-positive and NG culture-negative status).
• Determine the proportion of non-reportable results (unresolved, indeterminate and incomplete).
• Test other STI diagnostics in future on available samples.
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Uganda |
2019-09-10 |
2022-09-10 |
Medical and Health Sciences |
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Non-degree Award |
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